The Effects of Social Network on Women's Fertility Intentions and Behaviors in Tehran City

The aim of this paper is to examine the effects of social network on women's fertility intentions and behaviors. The study was conducted using sampling survey among married women aged 18-35 years old in the city of Tehran and its data was collected through a questionnaire. The results showed the average of ideal fertility for women was 2.1 children, desired fertility was 1.9 children and actual fertility (CEB) until time of survey was 1.3 children per women. In addition, findings indicated that the women's parents have a greater influence and pressure on the childbearing, as well as, the care and support of children. Multivariate analysis revealed in addition to demographic variables such as age, education, and income, the norms and behaviors of fertility in the social network (for brothers, sisters, and friends), as well as, family supports have significant effects on women's fertility intentions and behaviors. In conclusion, fertility is not only affected by individual and demographic characteristics, but also affected by the characteristics and behaviors of people that interact with them and social network that he belongs. The mechanisms of social networks effects on fertility are including social learning, contagion, influence, and pressure.