Comparison of Leisure Consumption between Working Wives and Housewives in Sari City

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

Present paper compares the consumption of leisure between working wives and housewives in Sari city in Mazandaran province by problematizing effect of women employment on their leisure framework and by using adjusted form of Arlie Hochschild' leisure gap theory. The method of research is survey with causal - comparative approach. The statistical population of research is two groups of working wives and housewives (unemployed) and sample size is equal to 300 persons (150 persons from each group) who were selected by cluster, simple random and systematic sampling methods. Results showed the significant difference of leisure consumption between two working wives and housewives groups in according to three variables including level, how and satisfaction. Results imply the dual nature of Henderson's theory that conceives "one size doesn't fit all". In that, although there is different model about leisure consumption within women stratification and the major difference of this model between working wives and housewives is mainly in intense and quality than surface and quantity, but main site for consuming leisure between working wives and housewives is home. 

Keywords

References

  • ×   استانداری مازندران 1386. آمار اشتغال زنان. اداره کل امور بانوان و خانواده. بخش آمار.

    ×   اینگلهارت، رونالد 1373. تحول فرهنگی در جامعه پیشرفته صنعتی، ترجمه مریم وتر، تهران، کویر.

    ×   حسینی، معصومه، لیلا رحیمی، زهرا آجرلو، زهره مجیدی و نسرین روزبهانی. «بررسی چگونگی گذران اوقات فراغت در بین زنان منطقه تحت پوشش پایگاه تحقیقات جمعیتی دکتر محمد قریب شهر اراک». مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، ش 17، (1384).

    ×   روجِک، کریس 1388. نظریه‌ فراغت: اصول و تجربه‌ها، ترجمه عباس مخبر، تهران، شهر.

    ×   سازمان برنامه و بودجه. سمینار ملی رفاه اجتماعی. مجموعه مقالات فراغت. تهران، (1352).

    ×   شریفیان، مسعود، سید ابوالفضل اخوی راد و کیومرث ایران‌شاهی. چگونگی پرداختن به فعالیت‌های اوقات فراغت در بین جوانان و نوجوانان، تهران، دبیرخانه شورای عالی جوانان، (1376).

    ×   نیک‌پور، صغری، افتخارالسادات حاجی کاظمی و حمید حقانی. «بررسی نوع و مدت فعالیت‌های فیزیکی زنان شاغل در حیطه‌های شغلی و اوقات فراغت در دانشکده‌های دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی - درمانی ایران». مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، دوره 12، ش 46، (1384).

    ×   وبلن، ترستون 1383. نظریه‌ طبقه مرفه، ترجمه‌ فرهنگ ارشاد، تهران، نی.

    • Arab-Moghaddam, N. and Henderson, K. A. “Women's Leisure and Constraints to Participation: Iranian Perspectives”, Journal of leisure Research, VoL 39, No. I, (2007).
    • Bialeschki, D. and K. Henderson. “Leisure in the common world of women”, Leisure Studies, Vol.5, No. 3, (1986).
    • Bourdieu, P. “Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. London”, Routledge Press (1984).
    • Brown, B. A.; Griggs, S.; Evans, P. M. 1986.Working women: leisure and life quality, North York, Ontari.
    • Clark, A. C. “The Use of leisure and its relation to levels of occupational prestige”, American Sociological Review, Vol. 21, (1956).
    • Corrigan, P. 1997, “The Sociology of Consumption”. London, Sage.
    • Giddens, A. 2001, Sociology, Polity Press.
    • Harrington, M. and Dawson, D. “Who has it best? Women's labor force participation, perceptions of leisure and constraints to enjoyment of leisure”. Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 27 No. 1, (1995).
    • Henderson, K. A. “One size doesn't fit all: The meaning of women's leisure”, Journal of Leisure Research, 28, (1996).
    • Huda, S. and Akhtar, A. “Leisure Behaviour of Working Women of Dhaka Bangladesh”, The International Journal of Urban Labour and Leisure, 7(1), (2006).
    • Hunnicutt, B. K. “Work without End: Abandoning Shorter Hours for the Right to Work”. Philadelphia: Temple University Press , (1988).
    • Katz-Gerro, T. “Cultural Consumption and Social Stratification: Leisure Activities, Musical Tastes, and Social Location”.  Sociological Perspectives, Vol. 42, No. 4, (1999).
    • Kay, T. “Having it all or doing it all? The construction of women’s lifestyles in time-crunched households”, Society and Leisure, vol. 21, no. 2, (1998).
    • Larrabee, E. R. 1961. Mass Leisure, Illionis, The Free Press Glencoe Illionis.
    • Muoghalu, C. O. and F. A. Eboiyehi, “Leisure Perception and Participation among Professional Women in Ile- Ife of Southwestern Nigeria”, African Research Review, Vol. 5 (3), Serial No. 20, May, (2011).
    • Roberts, K. 2010. Sociology of leisure. Sociopedia.isa.
    • Rojek, C. 1989. Leisure for Leisure: Critical Essays, Macmillan, London
    • Rojek, C. 1995. Decentring Leisure: Rethinking Leisure Theory, London, Sage Publications.
    • Shaw, S. M. Female Employment: Its Impact on the Distribution of Time and Leisure Experiences of Married Women and Their Husbands. Presented at the 5th Canadian Congress on Leisure, Halifax, (1987).
    • Stodolska, M. (2006). “Transnationalism and Leisure: Mexican Temporary Migrants in the U. S.” Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 38, No. 2, (2006).
    • Such, Elizabeth. “Leisure, family and work in the lifestyles of dual-earner families”. Paper presented to the ESRC seminar: Impact of a Changing Labour Market on Families, Children and Mental Health: building research–user alliances, Seminar 3 ‘Households, families and the changing nature of work’, 7 November, University of Aberdeen, (2001)
    • Wegner, L., A. J. Flisher, M. Muller, and Carl Lombard, (2006). “Leisure Boredom and Substance Use among High School Students in South Africa”, Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 38, No. 2, (2006).
    • Wilbur J., A. M., Miller A.Montgomery and P.Chandler “Women's Physical Activity Patterns: Nursing Implications”, Journal of Jognn, 27(4): (1998).
Women's Strategic Studies
Volume 15, Issue 58 - Serial Number 58
January 2013
Pages 163-190

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics