Phenomenology of the timing of first birth among women in Tehranwomen

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to investigate women's attitudes about timing of first birth as the main step in life course of individuals. The data for this study have been collected through a qualitative method and applying in-depth interview with 30 married women aged 20-49 in Tehran in 2011. Women in this study had their first birth within around 4 years of their marriage. The result showed postponement of first birth is a strategy to create a balance between personal and family goals and objectives in other areas of life. The delay of first birth is emerging as the new norm among married women in recent cohorts and is most common among young women. According to this study financial and opportunity costs of childbearing has influenced changes in the reproductive behavior of women. The postponement has also strong associations with tendencies of women for higher education, economic problems, especially lack of housing and stable jobs for men, social norms related to appropriate age of marriage, fear and uncertainty about the stability of marriage due to the increase of divorce in society.

Keywords

References

  • رازقی نصرآباد، حجیه بی­بی، محمدجلال عباسی شوازی و فاطمه ترابی (زیر چاپ) دیدگاه تعدادی از زنان در مورد سن مناسب مادر در زمان تولد اولین فرزند« دوفصلنامه مطالعات زن و خانواده" پاییز و زمستان 1393
  • رازقی نصرآباد، حجیه بی­بی و حسن سرایی. «‌تحلیل کوهورتی ارزش فرزند در استان سمنان» زن در توسعه و سیاست دوره 12 شماره 1. ص  229-250. (1393).

×   رازقی نصرآباد، حجیه بی­بی، محمدجلال عباسی شوازی و محمود قاضی طباطبایی. «تحلیل چند سطحی از عوامل مؤثر بر زمان وقوع تولد اول در ایران 1379-1370»، مطالعات راهبردی زنان، سال 14، ش 55، (1391).

×   عباسی شوازی، محمد جلال و حجیه بی­بی رازقی نصرآباد. «الگوها و عوامل مؤثر بر فاصله ازدواج تا تولد اولین فرزند در ایران»، نامه انجمن جمعیت شناسی ایران، سال 4، ش 9، (1389).

×   عسکری ندوشن، عباس، محمد جلال عباسی شوازی و رسول صادقی. «مادران، دختران و ازدواج (تفاوت‌های نسلی در ایده‌های و نگرش‌های ازدواج در شهر یزد»، ‎‏مطالعات راهبردی زنان، سال 11، (1388).

×   عباسی شوازی، محمد جلال، اصغر عسکری خانقاه و حجیه بی­بی رازقی نصرآباد. «ناباروری و تجربة زیسته زنان نابارور: مطالعه موردی در تهران»، پژوهش زنان، دوره 3، ش3، (1384).

×   عباسی شوازی، محمد جلال، حسینی چاووشی، میمنت، مکدونالد، پیتر و بهرام دلاور. « تحولات باروری در ایران شواهدی از چهار استان منتخب، تهران: وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی. (1383).

×    وزارت بهداشت و درمان و آموزش پزشکی. سیمای جمعیت و سلامت در جمهوری اسلامی ایران مهرماه 1379، معاونت سلامت، دفتر سلامت خانواده و جمعیت.

  • Abbasi-Shavazi, M. J., McDonald, P. & M. Hosseini Chavoshi.  The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revelution and Reproduction, Springer. (2009a).
    • Abbasi-Shavazi, M. J., McDonald, P. & M. Hosseini Chavoshi, "Family Change and Continuity in Iran: Birth Control Use before First Pregnancy", Journal of Marriage Family. 71(5): 1309-1324, (2009b).
    • Aghajanian, A. & A. Mehryar. "Fertility transition in the Islamic Republic of Iran: 1967-1996", Asia-Pacific Population Journal 14(1): 21-42, (1999).
    • Billari, F.C., Liefbroer, A.C., and Philipov, D."The postponement of
      childbearing in Europe:Driving forces and implications". Vienna Yearbook of Population Research, (2006)
    • Goldstein, J. R. "How Late Can First Births Be Postponed? Some Illustrative Population-level Calculations", Vienna Yearbook of Population Research,153-165. (2006).
    • Hank,k. "Regional Social Contexts and Individual Fertility Decisions: A Multilevel Analysis of First and Second Births in Western German", European Journal of Population Vol. 18, No. 3: 281-299, (2002).
    • Hosseini Chavoshi, M. McDonald, P. & M. J. Abbasi-Shavazi. "The Iranian Fertility Decline, 1981-1999: An Application of the Synthetic Parity Progression Ratio Method", Population 61(5-6), (2006).
    • Hosseini -Chavoshi, M. McDonald, P. & M. J. Abbasi-Shavazi "Fertility and Contraceptive Use Dynamics in Iran and its Low Fertility Regions", The Australian National University, DSRI Working Paper (1). Canbera, (2007).
    • Hosseini - Chavoshi, M, Abbasi-Shavazi, M. J., & McDonald, P. "Tempo and Quantum of Fertility in Iran: An Application of the Synthetic Parity Progression Ratio Method", Paper presented at XXVII IUSSP International Population Conference, 26-31 August, Busan, Korea,(2013).
    • Kantorova, V. "Family Life Transition of Young Women in a Changing Society: First Unione Formation and Birth of First Child", ‌A dissertation submitted in satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Demography, Charles University in Prague Universite De Parisi – Pantheon – Sorbone, (2004).
      • Kertzer, D. I. "Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to Historical Demography", Population and Development Review 23(4):839-846, (1997).
      • Maxwell, J. "Desining a Qualitative Study", In L.Bickman and D.J. Rog (Eds). Handbook of applied SocialResearch Methods. Thousand Oas, CA:Sage: 69-100, (1997).
      • May, T. "Social Research, Issues, Methods and Process", Buckinghamshire: Open University Press, (1993).
      • Morgan, S.P "Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth-Century Childlessness", American Journal of Sociology 97 (3), 779-807, (1991).
      • Morgan, S.P. "Is Low Fertility a Twenty-First-Century Demographic Crisis?" Demography, Vol. 40, No. 4: 589-603, (2003).
      • Nomaguchi, Kei. "Determinants of Having a First and Second Child among Japanese Married Women in Recent Cohorts", Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate school of the University of Maryland at college Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of Philosophy, (2003)
      • Osborne, j. "Some Similarities and Differnces among Phenomenological and other Methods of Psychological Qualitative Research". Canadian Journal of Counselling (24): 79-91(1994).
      • Rasekh, A. & M. Momtaz. "The Determinants of Birth Interval in Ahvaz-Iran: A Graphical Chain Modelling Approach", Journal of Data Science 5, 555-576(2007).
      • Rindfuss R.R, & S.P. Morgan "Marriage, sex, and the first birth interval: The quiet revolution in Asia", Population and Development Review 9, ; 259–278. (1983).
      • Rindfuss, R. R, Morgan, S. P. & C. G. Swicegood, First births in America: Changes in the Timing of Parenthood, Berkeley: University of California Press. (1988)
      • Trussell, J., Menkrn, J‌Early, "Childbearing and Subsequent Fertility". Fam. Plann. Persp. 10(4): 209–218, (1978).
      • Van Manen, M Practicing Phenomenological Writing. Phenomenology Pedagogy. 2 (1), (1984).
      • Van Manen, M. "Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy", New York: Suny Press (1990).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics