Women and Family's Socio-Cultural Women's Strategic Studies 2008-2827 19 75 2017 05 22 Women's Valuation Orientation and Fertility Control Women's Valuation Orientation and Fertility Control 7 31 51742 10.22095/jwss.2017.51742 FA Amir Rastegar Khaled Assistant Professor and Faculty Member of Shahed University Meysam Mohammadi Ph.D. student of Tehran University Mohammad Naser Reiahi Master of Sociology, Shahed University of Tehran Journal Article 2017 01 29 Research has shown that fertility and attitudes to it, have changed in recent years, and fertility rates have declined steadily. In Iran, there have been a decline for several years, too. From the viewpoint of demographic thinkers, many of the values ​​and attitudes have been transformed simultaneously with the second demographic transition. These value variations include a wide range of transformations, most main of which, according to Triandis view, is individualism-collectivism. Therefore, the main question in this research is to study the relationship between individualism-collectivism and the attitude toward fertility control and its behavior in practice. The statistical population of this study are all women 20-49 years old in Tehran, who are more likely to have fertility. The sampling method is based on a multi-stage cluster sampling, which means that in the first stage, three different regions were selected from different parts of the city of Tehran; region 3 as representing the upper region, region 11 as representing the middle zone and the 19th region as the lower region. This selection is based on the Welfare Index - which has been extracted “Institute Statistics of Iran” (2008) and taxonomic techniques. The research tool was a questionnaire distributed among 214 women in Tehran. This number was calculated based on the Cochran formula and with an error less than 0.05. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between value orientation and attitudes toward fertility control and its behavior, and the more individual among women, the more they focuse on fertility control in practice. Research has shown that fertility and attitudes to it, have changed in recent years, and fertility rates have declined steadily. In Iran, there have been a decline for several years, too. From the viewpoint of demographic thinkers, many of the values ​​and attitudes have been transformed simultaneously with the second demographic transition. These value variations include a wide range of transformations, most main of which, according to Triandis view, is individualism-collectivism. Therefore, the main question in this research is to study the relationship between individualism-collectivism and the attitude toward fertility control and its behavior in practice. The statistical population of this study are all women 20-49 years old in Tehran, who are more likely to have fertility. The sampling method is based on a multi-stage cluster sampling, which means that in the first stage, three different regions were selected from different parts of the city of Tehran; region 3 as representing the upper region, region 11 as representing the middle zone and the 19th region as the lower region. This selection is based on the Welfare Index - which has been extracted “Institute Statistics of Iran” (2008) and taxonomic techniques. The research tool was a questionnaire distributed among 214 women in Tehran. This number was calculated based on the Cochran formula and with an error less than 0.05. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between value orientation and attitudes toward fertility control and its behavior, and the more individual among women, the more they focuse on fertility control in practice. https://www.jwss.ir/article_51742_dacc1d0620cc02d0f1a4e141b1883ef4.pdf